woensdag 12 november 2014

Low Density Lipoprotein

Low Density Lipoprotein

Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is one of the five major groups of lipoproteins. Lipoproteins are molecules made of fats (lipids) and proteins. Fats include cholesterol, phospholipids, and triglycerides. Each group varies by molecular size. From the largest to smallest, they are chylomicrons, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL), LDL, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Lipoproteins transfer fats from the cells to the bloodstream and to the (fluid) around the cells.[1][2] High levels of LDL particles are associated with clogged arteries, cardiovascular disease, and stroke.
LDL particles are often called bad cholesterol because they can transport their content of fat molecules into artery walls, attract macrophages, and thus drive atherosclerosis. In contrast, HDL particles are often called good cholesterol or healthy cholesterol, because they can remove fat molecules from macrophages in the wall of arteries

LDL (Bad) Cholesterol

LDL stands for low-density lipoprotein. It's also sometimes called "bad" cholesterol. Lipoproteins are made of fat and protein. They carry cholesterol, triglycerides, and other fats, called lipids, in the blood to various parts of the body. LDL can clog your arteries.
Your LDL level is what doctors watch most closely. You want your LDL to be low. Too much LDL, commonly called "bad cholesterol," is linked to cardiovascular disease. If it gets too high, you will need treatment.
A healthy LDL level is one that falls in the best or near-best range.
Best: Less than 100 mg/dL (less than 70 mg/dL for persons with a history of heart disease or those at very high risk)
Near Best: 100 - 129 mg/dL
Borderline High: 130 - 159 mg/dL
High: 160 - 189 mg/dL
Very High: 190 mg/dL and higher


HDL (Good) Cholesterol

HDL stands for high-density lipoprotein. It's also sometimes called "good" cholesterol. Lipoproteins are made of fat and protein. They carry cholesterol, triglycerides, and other fats, called lipids, in the blood from other parts of your body to your liver.
You want your HDL cholesterol to be high. Studies of both men and women have shown that the higher your HDL, the lower your risk of coronary artery disease. This is why HDL is sometimes referred to as "good" cholesterol.
A healthy HDL level should be as follows:
  • Men: above 40 mg/dL
  • Women: above 50 mg/dL
An HDL 60 mg/dL or above helps protect against heart disease. Exercise helps raise your HDL cholesterol.
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